Jewellery Chain

Bulk jewelry is all the time a cost-effective way to offer studs & cufflinks to all your prospects. Rewards earned will show up in Rewards members’ account 48 hours after eligible buy. Supplier of polished stainless steel bulk chain sold by the spool and the foot. Customers should purchase objects worth no much less than £50 to take pleasure in this service. The delivery interval is often between 1 to 7 days.

We’ve grown to be one of many world’s most intensive piercing suppliers of high-quality wholesale body jewelry. We purpose to develop our enterprise with integrity, sticking to our core values of sustainable jewellery manufacturing to build meaningful relationships with our companions and workers. We are obsessive about efficiency at the highest certified requirements and are dedicated to the happiness and security of our workers and customers. We started TOMADE.com with a singular mission, to provide high quality jewelry & accessories and supply latest kinds.

This category incorporates a mix of our bulk jewellery tons and our jewellery by the dozen. As a wholesale supplier to jewelers and other industry professionals, Rio Grande wants to keep away from presenting wholesale pricing to retail consumers. Patriot Act requires all suppliers of precious metals to keep up full contact info for all of its customers.

The company presents a extensive range of merchandise, with over a hundred and fifty thousand product listings. They frequently replace their choices, with over 200 new designs added to their catalog every day. While jewelry is their primary focus, Nihao Jewelry also sells a range of different merchandise, including women’s clothing, accessories and artistic objects for the home.

This depends on the type of jewelry you intend to produce. You can begin a jewellery company with almost no upfront cost or gear should you take the print-on-demand method. Fashion jewellery that entails mostly meeting of pre-made elements may require easy hand tools like pliers. However, if you plan to begin out a fine jewelry enterprise, you might require expensive and highly particular equipment. It’s necessary that you simply consult native rules governing small businesses. In many circumstances, although, you do not require a business license to set up an internet store to promote your jewellery.

Cable Chain – The commonest sort of jewelry chain, cable chain maintains an identical sample for its whole length, giving it a classic and very versatile look! It is produced from either round or oval links of the same size which are uniformly interlocked. Cable chain is not simply used within the jewelry industry. Cable jewellery chain varies from delicate 1.4mm links to chunky 10mm links and bigger.

A formal marketing strategy will not be needed should you don’t plan to pitch your idea to buyers or search other types of exterior funding initially. However, trying out a few business plan templates could also be a good train that will assist you understand your target customer, objectives, business model, costs, and growth plan. It’s also useful as you learn to run a jewellery enterprise.

Links may be basic, hammered, or in any other case textured, offering several styles inside this one chain sort. Long oval cable chain is generally called “drawn cable chain” as a result of it is pulled through a draw plate to elongate the links. Due to the ensuing form, drawn cable chain is sometimes also known as paperclip chain, or simply “clip chain”. Rhinestone Cup Chain in a variety of vibrant colors. Great for jewelry making and handmade jewelry design.

Therefore, should you select our jewellery, you possibly can at all times buy a design that’s novel, sensible and suitable for the season, not the usual jewelry design. The Kular family shares their experience building a enterprise round mom’s recipe guide. From promoting one-on-one to reaching the aisles of Whole Foods. Clean themes are designed to let your merchandise and brand shine and most choices allow you to easily customise the experience, even when you’re not a designer or developer. A Shopify Design Expert may help you tweak any theme much more, customizing it to your particular wants.

The team was dead, festering like pungent fish on the loanDepot Park warning observe. Pederson took it upon himself to be the catalyst for change and the last word tone-setter. Designed in-house, our new Stuller Bur™ was created with the stone setting process in mind. Sign up for our e-mail list for the most recent jewelry-making updates from Rio Grande, including information about gross sales, product releases, occasions and extra.

Kids Rings – We’ve been expending considered one of our hottest silver jewellery class to youngsters jewellery. Rings – We’ve been expending considered one of our hottest silver jewellery category to youngsters jewellery. Our jewellery bins can be found in white, kraft, colors and prints for quite a lot of packaging options. Jewelry packing containers are sized completely for rings, bracelets, necklaces, watches and earrings, so it is easy to find a perfect match and style. Boxes are sold in cartons of one hundred, small packs for heaps variety and pre-packed assortments.

You also can screw into the ends of thick Buna twine after which connect leap rings or clasps and so on. Use screw eyes with polymer clay as a way to hang or attach other findings and turn your creations into jewellery or wall hangings. If wire wrapping pursuits you, try our Wire Wrapping Supplies web page for detailed details about wire wrapping, materials, and useful articles. All this is supported by the overwhelmingly positive client critiques of this wholesaler as well as by our experience with them. Seller statistics might be provided as soon as they have completed at least 10 transactions. Our Buyer Protection covers your buy from click to supply.

Amber Jewellery is a popular UK retailer that deals with jewelry equipment. It offers a wide range of high quality, customizable, and elegant jewellery at inexpensive costs. The firm has been round for some time; hence, it is familiar with the industry. Purchasers extremely price the providers that the company offers. Many earlier clients advocate the brand as a outcome of its reliability. The company supplies dropshipping services to its customers.

We make it easy to construct a novel online retailer, promote your work, and run a artistic business. Every time you donate, store or make a gift to Goodwill, you transform lives and communities by way of the ability of schooling and employment. But wait, there’s extra – clothes and niknaks, and rainbows. These sneakers appear to be something my pretty and gifted editor would put on.

If you are thinking of purchasing bulk chain, reach out to us and we will work with you to get you the very best wholesale low cost. Whatever material you are trying to find www.louisvuittonfakebag.com , we can supply bulk chain for jewelry making in gold crammed chain, sterling silver chain, aluminum chain and extra. Whether you’re in search of bulk cable chain, or rolo chain in bulk, we are ready to work with you to supply essentially the most inexpensive price for your business. Looking for a speedy alternative for your jewellery making business? You should think about completed necklace chains in bulk. This will decide how you market them to your audience.

Available in vintage brass, antique copper, black, gunmetal, silver plate, brushed silver plate, gold plate and nickel plate. JewelryMax seeks to fulfill its shoppers by providing distinctive customer services. Its team is at all times out there to ensure that you get what you want. 3 to 5 equivalent items attract a 3% discount from its whole worth, 6 to 11 entice a 5% reduction whereas purchases of 12 or extra similar items get a 7% discount. Their transport period varies with the item one needs, but it’s normally a couple of days.

Typically, orders of $35 USD or extra qualify free of charge standard transport from participating Etsy sellers. Big Cartel is dedicated to being an anti-racist company and transparent about our efforts. Here’s how we’re displaying up to learn our place in the struggle towards racial injustice and inequality. Manage your store, fulfill orders, replace merchandise, examine stats, and run promotions from any gadget at house or on the go. For associated causes, I even have to include one thing that looks like the trans flag .

The tax exempt wizard will information you through the method of enrolling in our program. Your tax-exempt standing will often be activated upon finishing enrollment, until you might be required to upload your certificates during which approval can take as a lot as 5 minutes. You can even use this tool to edit or update your status or to add additional tax exemptions in the future. As a supply for pearl knowledge, the forum ofPearl-guide.comis invaluable. The search engines like google and yahoo are useful and properly maintained. They don’t permit any outright plugging of non-public gross sales, however sourcing is great.

Turn to dependable sources which have the prices and choices you want and see how you can save. We purpose to supply high-quality jewellery that is each inexpensive and accessible with every price range. That’s why we’ll all the time maintain costs as low as attainable to be certain to get the particular piece of sterling silver jewellery you’ll merely love, at a worth range that is best for you. Our turnaround periods are simply one of many elements of our top-rated customer service.

Please expertise Wholesale Jewelry Paradise, called JewelryMax.web. Fashion Bella has an in depth stock that consists of necklaces, earrings, bracelets, and rings. The firm has wonderful reviews from a lot of its past purchasers who’re proud of the services the firm presents.

Several geometric profiles are drawn from round commonplace wire for various purposes. Square wire is in style with wire wrappers for banding features so wires match tightly together. Flat wires are utilized by metal stampers or engravers to create bangles, ring bands or rectangular blanks that can take a clear stamp impression. In sure sizes and tempers, flat strip is identified as bezel wire and is used to creat customized cabochon settings.

In many circumstances, with a very simple lighting setup, you’ll have the ability to achieve great DIY pictures of your merchandise, even together with your smartphone. Jewelry, nonetheless, could be a little tougher, because of the tiny particulars and reflective surfaces. “A jeweler’s bench, a flex shaft, and your safety would be the most important considerations,” says Gillian, founding father of Canadian jewelry brand Hawkly.

Please create an account or login to get 5% discount on your first order and save your cart. Connecting and enriching the world by nurturing our companions and prospects via innovative vertical solutions and the pursuit of precision. Seiko Instruments, your trusted associate throughout time.

Pinktown USA was established in 2005 and focuses on fashionable urban jewellery, including professional and prom jewelry. They have a wide array however are an especially good possibility for buying statement items, oversize earrings and necklaces, and trendy gadgets inspired by celebrities. If you personal a web-based or brick-and-mortar store, otherwise you love jewelry and are looking for a way to buy in bulk, there are a number of choices in wholesale jewelry that can help. Some retailers promote specifically to business and require you to have a license, whereas others allow wholesale purchases by individuals.

I buy local when it’s crucial that I see the component for an ideal match. Recycling second-hand components maintain costs down as nicely. Allure sells a full line of quality jewellery packaging, shows, and jewelry store supplies. They provide in-house custom imprinting with small minimums, granting easy access to custom branded packaging. As their about web page says “we remain committed to supporting anybody who has ever picked up a bit of metallic and made something wearable”. They have a great collection of findings, beads, packaging, tools and every little thing else you might want along your journey as a jewelry maker.

The content material on this website is for leisure and academic purposes solely. All advice, including picks and predictions, is predicated on individual commentators’ opinions and never that of Minute Media or its associated manufacturers. No one ought to anticipate to make money from the picks and predictions discussed on this website. For more info, please read our Legal Disclaimer. If you or somebody you understand has a playing problem, call GAMBLER.

You can place your order online and anticipate your shipment in 2 to 5 working days. However, the interval might vary slightly depending on your location. The minimal amount of the corporate processes in one buy is $80. JewelryBund is your dependable supply of quality jewellery. ASU Jewelry presents plenty of merchandise, and it can be somewhat tough shopping via all objects listed on their present inventory.

Although you possibly can filter by price and classes, we find the web site not as user-friendly as a variety of the competitors. To additional assist accomplish this, GnD is ready to ship domestically in all US states and territories in addition to to lots of other nations with both FedEx and UPS. The trick is to discover a vendor that has wonderful evaluations, and you’re confident shopping for from.

We are recognized for sterling silver wire options however we now have many different metals too! All wire merchandise are both offered by the troy ounce or by the inch. Pay close attention to the units of measure for each item. Also, observe that some gadgets bought by weight default to less than 1 ounce so you will want to enter your quantity on each item. Our Jeweler’s Guide to Gauges and Tempersis a preferred useful resource on wire specs for jewelry studios.

Wholesale Clearance UK’s group consults you and provides your ideas to the design of the merchandise. Wholesale Clearance UK presents to ship to numerous places around the world at a small charge. The supply period usually is dependent upon your distance from the UK however is comparatively brief. There are many alternative merchandise on the company’s inventory; therefore, shoppers can select the items that suit their necessities. Their supply times often fall between 3 and 5 working days. Cheap Wholesale Jewelry pieces replicate durable and quality materials that your clients will like.

They would certainly go together with one of her superior 80s outfits. With the emergence of period dramas corresponding to Bridgerton, the corset pattern could have you laced in for months to come back. As seen on social media platforms, the renaissance of the corset has been reimagined for mesh paneling tops, dreamy clothes, statement jumpsuits, and beloved belts. Perfect for elevating your everyday style or the upcoming holiday festivities, this development will go away you gasping for extra. FashionGo solely offers this service to prospects within the United States and Canada. We currently don’t present this service to prospects in US territories similar to Puerto Rico, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Virgin Islands, and American Samoa.

Our assortment additionally contains wholesale fashion keychains for fun present gadgets or retail displays. If you are looking for wholesale trend jewelry, Nihaojewelry is the right place. We present a group of greater than 50000+ trendy jewellery, and in style products are added every single day. Whether you’re looking for necklaces, earrings, rings, or jewellery for women, males, and kids, you can find all you need here online! Wholesale these merchandise by the dozen at an absolutely inexpensive worth, and solely the favored products assist you to improve gross sales.

Here’s a simple example utilizing copper wire and copper solder. Order from many factories & jewellery designers, multi functional place, at factory costs. Colorful chain for jewellery making and jewelry design.

It has an expansive human useful resource team consisting of 6 production departments, 1800 employees, and 150 professional technicians. This workforce guarantees quick delivery of a variety of items. It began in 2010, and it has its operations in China. It consists of small and medium businesses in China and other countries. Buyers from all around the world purchase jewellery accessories from AliExpress. In the center ages, jewelry was traded by grasp designers handing down the masterpieces to apprentices who have been principally trusted, relations.

But business homeowners don’t have to simply follow trends—you could also use your jewellery enterprise to start out your personal. That’s what Biko founder and designer Corrine Anestopoulos did, launching her collection based mostly on personal type. Our aggressive pricing strategy on our wholesale sterling silver jewellery won’t be beat; we are the low price leaders. Sonara Jewelry has been in business for over 35 years. We manufacture and import the latest designs and specialize in quality jewelry direct to wholesale.

Whether you need bulk sterling silver charms or bulk gold plated charms, reach out to us to study more about our bulk appeal pricing. Gunmetal jewelry chain for handmade jewelry making. Chain supplier of bulk gunmetal jewellery chain offered by the spool and the foot. When you store at ELF925, you’ll at all times discover essentially the most inexpensive equipment.

Since 2008, we’ve been designing and supplying jewelry to retailers of all sizes from our Atlanta design studio. With our all-star staff of fashionistas and lovers of a seamless purchasing expertise, we need to ensure that your experience purchasing with ZENZII is nothing short of superb. Assorted Semi-Precious Stones intermixed amongst sterling silver vermeil wire wrapped gemstone rosary chain. Moonstone, labradorite, pyrite, pearls, opal, garnet, chalcedony, tourmaline, peridot, black spinel, smoky quartz, iolite, aquamarine, rose quartz, amethyst. AZ Findings is a wholesale distributor of jewelry chains, findings, gems, and supplies. To place an order or see our wholesale value, you have to open a wholesale account with us along with your legitimate tax id and enterprise information.

Jewelrymax.web is the highest internet-base style wholesaler situated close to Los Angeles in Southern California USA and established in 2004. Our Unique high quality designs are competitively priced and confirmed to sell. We carefully selects a wide variety of quality designs to appeal to various customer tastes from high class wholesale Jewelry to cheap wholesale costume jewelry strains. 100 percent Customer Satisfaction has been probably the most vital consider our success.

Rigid two-piece jewelry packing containers from Nashville Wraps, additionally embrace soft non-tarnishing recycled fiber. Gift bins are made from minimal 80% recycled board. Bulk Charms & Pendants- Have a allure or pendant you’ve got purchased from Beaducation that is actually added some sparkle and originality to the design of one of your finest sellers? Lucky for you, our charms may be bought wholesale.

The firm ships to suppliers and patrons all around the world. Alibaba seeks to improve the benefit of doing business globally by providing suppliers with the important tools for reaching a world viewers. The design group at JewelryBund often improves its products. These improvements are essential in making certain prospects get quality equipment once they go to their site. The firm has expertise spanning eight years; hence, it is conscious of a factor or two concerning the industry.

I curated a complete day of pansy-themed posts on my Facebook this Spring, which was extremely popular. Because I’m an artist, we’ll begin with four artworks. Rainbows, sunset, the shore, beautiful old buildings…these are a quantity of of my favourite issues.

The firm has its headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland. It has been operational for greater than 35 years, primarily coping with two product lines. The chrome steel and sterling silver items of jewellery. JewelryBund manufactures and ships jewellery accessories the world over.

Shipments worth more than $500 entice a discount of 3% whereas people who cost over $1000 get a 5% discount. Jewelry whose value is more than $2,000 has a 7% discount. Fancy wire varieties could function embossed designs on sample wire or delicate filigree cutouts in gallery wire that’s incessantly used for bezel settings.

Set yourself aside from the competitors and store our gold plated silver jewellery collection at present to refill on the newest equipment. Cheap Wholesale Jewelry offers a range of jewellery choices, including matching sets, necklaces, earrings, pins and brooches, physique jewelry, bracelets, rings, and chains. They are situated in Rhode Island and sell to each companies and individuals as long as you create an account.

Radford Accessories leverages its experience of greater than 40 years to create beautiful jewelry. The agency has been a leading wholesaler in the UK for years now. The company’s evolution ensures it continues to be among the many most well-liked manufacturers for lots of retailers. The company allows clients to promote their merchandise with out assuming their possession. It also delivers to various areas around the country at a small payment.

Big Cartel is a tight-knit company, constructed to stay small, impartial, and do proper by our team and artists for years to come. Since 2005, over 1,000,000 creators have offered their t-shirts, art, clothing, merch, prints, jewellery, and other strange stuff with Big Cartel. Mycroft Masada (they/them) is a nonbinary trans and queer Jewish and interfaith leader with 30 years of expertise, notably called to pursue LGBTQ+ and fat liberation. They’sre additionally a lifelong and at least second-generation thrifter, and thrifted every little thing seen in this photo.

We have despatched you an email with directions on tips on how to reset your password. This does not appear to be a legitimate customer number for Rio Grande. If you want a quicker response, please name or chat with considered one of our Rio Grande agents.

Styles embrace rolo, curb, ball chain, cable, beading, edging, figaro, boxcar, decorative, snake, pendant, wheat, filigree, field chain, and leaf. Supplier of gold plate jewellery chain sold by the spool and the foot. Although ASU Jewelry isn’t a marketplace, the dimensions of the web site offers you the range of 1.

The company offers pendant units, earrings, and glowing necklaces. All these things come at an excellent wholesale value. Ruby Imports has a exceptional discount policy that retailers should leverage to meet their goals. Kids Silver JewelryView All – Kids Silver Jewelry – Looking to broaden your jewelry enterprise into the children’s market? We carry a beautiful choice of top quality 925 sterling silver kids jewellery filled with cute best-selling objects with enjoyable and colorful themes.

Input your delivery data and supply your cost particulars through one of our secure digital fee methods. Add your favorite pieces of jewellery to the cart and proceed to checkout. In order to use your tax-exempt status to eligible purchases, the business Account Administrator should enroll in our tax exemption program available beneath.

With many businesses selling jewellery making provides wholesale, it could be tough to choose, however you’ll be able to’t go incorrect with our high quality provides at affordable wholesale prices. Not solely do we now have a large assortment of jewellery findings, our customer service is second to none. If you are able to be taught simply how great our customer service is, attain out to us for wholesale jewellery making provides. From rose gold plated earrings to sterling silver engagement rings, we have quite lots of wholesale jewellery that your clients will love.

This is not a jewelry particular site however there is a jewellery class together with trend equipment, clothing, and every thing you presumably can possibly think of. There are two websites – Alibaba and Alibaba Wholesale. Alibaba has larger minimal quantities so pricing is lower. Alibaba Wholesale caters to smaller businesses – minimum portions are lower but prices are a bit higher. Silver plated with aqua crystals measure 18 inches long with a 2 inch extender.

For further particulars on our wire, please refer to our SDS sheets for gold-filled and sterling silver products. If you’re on the lookout for spools of woven beading wire fake bags , please see our beads & stringing section. Bulk jewelry wire for wire wrapping and design applications. You will discover plain mill merchandise as properly as fancy, gallery, sample and bezel wire on this section. Bead wire and diamond minimize wire are especially well-liked for making formed connector links out of fascinating supplies.

Factory Direct is more expensive than the other options listed above but if local production is essential to you, then they’re a great possibility. Factory Direct is predicated in Los Angeles, with all their jewellery being made within the US. The enterprise was established in 1985 and is at present run by a third-generation jeweler. Together, the family has over one hundred years of experience in the jewellery business. DHGate was established 14 years in the past and is a Chinese wholesale firm based mostly in Beijing.

They are the right gift for these valuable moments. Silver Anklets – Explore considered one of our best silver jewelry summer season collections with our Wholesale Sterling Silver Anklets. Embrace the summer’s spirit by buying the most effective jewellery partner for summertime. We designed a classy assortment of wholesale sterling silver anklets that is hypoallergenic, nickel, and lead-free. They can be found in numerous ending similar to yellow gold and rose gold.

This means markdowns, buy-one/get-one promotions, and different deals may help the product fly off the cabinets. With the keystone pricing model, the retail value is double the wholesale price, that means the markup is 100%. Keep in thoughts that it costs retailers extra money to promote merchandise when factoring in customer acquisition and operations price. You’re probably keenly aware that lowering your overhead on inventory acquisition and operations gives you extra room to turn a profit. That means should you can inventory your store for less, your business will earn extra money.

ZENZII’s metallic floral drop earring made it on the luxe record in the pages of DecemberVOGUEmagazine featured by Tips and Trends. Pick a designer you wish to work with or let our designers come to you. The firm processes requests whose value equals or is more than $100. The delivery period is normally between 5-7 days, relying in your location on the planet.

Get familiar with your supplier’s manufacturer vetting course of and, when attainable, vet the manufacturers your self with the Better Business Bureau. Curb Chain – Similar to cable chain, curb chain is typically made from a collection of identical hyperlinks. The distinction is that curb chain links are twisted or diamond cut so that they nestle in opposition to each other. This allows the whole length of chain to lay flat against the physique. As with cable chain, curb chain is available in a fantastic number of sizes from dainty to huge and blingy! It additionally permits for stylistic varieties including rope-textured hyperlinks, hammered hyperlinks, and extra.

In this article, we take a look at 10 of the best places to buy wholesale jewelry on-line. When making our choice, we checked out how lengthy these companies have been established, customer evaluations, stock, worth points, customer service and their distinctive promoting factors. Browse our assortment of wholesale fashion jewellery, featuring earrings, rings, bracelets, and necklaces.

Jewelcity permits its prospects to make purchases value as little as £50. You can also buy one piece of a mode before making an attempt bigger quantities for various discount charges. The group at Jewelcity is always on standby each weekday between 9 am to five pm to solutions any questions you might have concerning a purchase. Their wonderful customer service will go away you happy after your transaction.

I tend to purchase diamonds from Brilliance as they’ve good prices and ship to Mexico. For stones, I go to Alpha Imports, they’ve a really good selection of gems, with a lot of cuts, sizes and quality. Other sites I use are Stachura and Gem Rock Auctions. But when you discover a supplier you like, the distinction in prices could be properly worth it. These websites are overwhelming when it comes to the number of merchandise on the location.

Some chemicals or instruments concerned in jewellery making require proper air flow and security precautions. Check with local legal guidelines governing use of these substances and processes. Alternatively, you would possibly look into adjoining trends or consumer habits, such because the appetite for customizable experiences like engraving, or ethically sourced materials. All sizes and measurements are an approximation, measurements could range barely as a end result of manufacturing tolerances. All ring sizes and measurements and stone count are based off of a size 7 ring. In case of sale of your personal information, you could decide out by using the link Do not promote my personal information.

Success as a newbie in any facet of the fashion business is determined by strong aesthetic, unique design, and constant branding. Before hiring a designer to develop branding and individual items, enterprise homeowners ought to run by way of a few workouts to outline your total signature type. Whatever your motivation or skill level, understanding tips on how to start a profitable jewelry enterprise at residence or anywhere comes with its personal set of considerations and problems.

Your provider let you down and cost your small business cash. Jewelry is in style amongst many retailers, as it’s inexpensive to stock and works as a gift and personal accessory. Wholesale jewellery sellers offer some superb offers, letting you retain up with and cash in on demand for the newest developments. However, if you’re not cautious, you can choose the mistaken wholesaler, or you would purchase the wrong amount on your needs. Check out this information for some useful tips about navigating this complex market.

Half-round or low dome wires are used for ring bands or bangles for good easy edges for everyday wear. Whether you’re in search of the best jewellery making findings or specialty beads, we now have one of many largest alternatives available to the industry. Our wholesale direct prices and customized customer service are why we’re some of the successful jewellery findings suppliers in the world. If you could have any questions be at liberty to select up the cellphone and name or e mail us anytime. Unlike other wholesalers who concentrate on costume jewellery or jewellery elements, Factory Direct provides more priceless and higher high quality items.

When in search of your wholesale jewellery supplier, you possibly can search by product or by provider. We suggest searching by product and once you discover a provider that you just like, then trying out their catalog and contacting them for extra info. Once you’ve received communication established with the retailer, you’ll quickly know whether or not or not you can set up an excellent working relationship with them. Remember that there could also be cultural and language barriers in play, as many of the sellers are from overseas, mainly Asia. Working with Allurez is made even smoother by their guarantee, delivery, return, and trade insurance policies.